SNP Shot: Genomic Insights

Ewing sarcoma is a cancer that forms in bone or soft tissues like cartilage and nerves. Several subtypes exist, including Ewing sarcoma of bone, extraosseous Ewing sarcoma, peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET), and Askin tumor. These related tumors share similar genetic origins but differ based on where they develop. Ewing sarcoma of bone, the most common type (about 87%), typically affects bones like the femur (thigh bone), pelvis, ribs, or scapula (shoulder blade). Extraosseous Ewing sarcoma arises in soft tissues surrounding bones, such as cartilage. pPNETs develop in nerve tissue and can appear throughout the body. Askin tumor is a pPNET specifically found in the chest.

Ewing sarcomas primarily affect children and young adults. Common symptoms include stiffness, pain, swelling, or tenderness in the affected bone or nearby tissue. A warm, soft lump may be felt near the skin's surface. Persistent fever is also common in children. Ewing sarcoma of bone can weaken the affected bone, leading to fractures without a clear injury.

Ewing sarcoma frequently spreads (metastasizes) to other areas of the body, often affecting the lungs, other bones, or the bone marrow.

Inheritance:

Ewing sarcoma is typically not passed down through families. It results from a genetic change that occurs after fertilization, known as a somatic mutation.