SNP Shot: Genomic Insights

Familial atrial fibrillation is an inherited condition that disrupts the heart's regular rhythm. In atrial fibrillation, the upper heart chambers (atria) experience uncoordinated electrical activity (fibrillation), leading to a rapid and irregular heartbeat. Without treatment, this arrhythmia can cause symptoms like dizziness, chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, or syncope. Atrial fibrillation also elevates the risk of stroke and sudden death. Although complications can arise at any age, some individuals with this condition may never develop associated health issues.

Inheritance:

Familial atrial fibrillation resulting from mutations in a single gene (like KCNQ1) typically follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. This means that only one copy of the mutated gene in each cell is enough to cause the condition. In these instances, an affected individual inherits the mutation from a parent who also has the condition. Common genetic variations that raise the risk of atrial fibrillation can also be inherited within families. Individuals carrying these variants may have a family history of atrial fibrillation, but in such cases, a clear autosomal dominant inheritance pattern isn't always evident.