SNP Shot: Genomic Insights

White sponge nevus is a condition marked by the development of white, thickened patches called nevi (singular: nevus). These nevi have a velvety, sponge-like texture. They most frequently appear on the moist lining of the mouth (oral mucosa), particularly on the inner cheeks (buccal mucosa). Individuals with this condition typically have several nevi. In rare cases, white sponge nevi can also affect the mucosa of the nose, esophagus, genitals, or anus. These growths are benign, resulting from an overgrowth of cells.

Although white sponge nevus can be present at birth, it usually manifests in early childhood. The size and location of the nevi can fluctuate. Within the mouth, both sides are generally affected. The nevi are typically painless, but the extra tissue folds can harbor bacteria, potentially leading to infections and discomfort. The change in texture and appearance of the affected tissue, especially in the oral mucosa, can be a source of concern for some individuals.

Inheritance:

This condition follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. This means that only one copy of the mutated gene in each cell is enough to cause the disorder. However, some individuals with the gene mutation responsible for white sponge nevus may not exhibit the characteristic growths; this is known as reduced penetrance.